Photo 31 is the easternmost image and 319 is the westernmost image. Arushthe castlegate sandstone of the book cliffs, utah. Together with his experience from spdc shell nigeria, simon effectively demonstrated both theoretical and applied aspects at all levels in a clear, concise and thoughtful manner. Ojo and akande 2008 proposed a more definite maastrichtian age for the. This author studied the depositional model of the outcrops along iseleazagbaonitshaakwa areas of the northern niger delta and anambra basins. Fielding, christopher 1 1 earth and atmospheric sciences, university of nebraskalincoln, lincoln, ne this study presents highresolution correlations of the upper cretaceous stratigraphy between the book cliffs and the. Anambra basin has about 6,000 m of sedimentary rocks. The units are arranged to form two stratigraphic sequences represented by the nkporo shaleowelli sandstone and. The book cliffs have preserved excellent strata of the. Simon provides expertise in the areas of sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir geologymodelling and has considerable knowledge of the book cliffs. In exercise 2, students work either with polarized microscopic photographs linked online to specific units in their measured section or directly. As we approached the east grand junction entrance to the colorado national monument, we left behind the book cliffs, here seen rising in the distance to the ne in the 1st frame.
Beginning near helper, utah, and joined at green river, utah, by a second escarpment, the roan cliffs, the 2,000foot 610metre tall mountain wall, winds a 250mile 400km course along the tavaputs and roan plateaus, ending near grand junction. The stratigraphy of the anambra abakaliki basins reyment, 1965 campanian nkporo group including nkporo shale, oweli sandstone, enugu shale, results and discussion vertical electrical sounding ves. The exception is the ulasi river, which rises near dikenafai in imo state, flows northward to ozubulu in anambra state and then turns round in a wide loop and heads for the. It is believed that the anambrabenin phase of campanianmiddle eocene is strongly contested. Sedimentology and depositional environments of the. The study area lies within the anambra basin and it is made up of enugu shale, mamu formation, ajali sandstone, and nsukka formation. Several workers have studied the anambra basin and niger delta in terms of sedimentology, stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphic concepts nwajide and reijers 1996. Section summary accessible from the selection map, the stratigraphic columns section will eventually be one of the most extensive parts of our database.
Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill holes of the neslen formation and adjacent formations, book cliffs area, colorado and utah. Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill. Oblique aerial photographs taken along the book cliffs from near hunter canyon to near the book cliffs mine measured section. Olatunji palystrat limited, ibadan nigeria madukwe, henry y department of geology, ekiti.
Utah stratigraphic columns overview page these stratigraphic columns are dynamically created on the fly from information stored in a database. The book cliffs of eastern utah and western colorado figs. The book cliffs are an enormous area that spans two states. Cretaceous and tertiary formations of the book cliffs carbon. Cretaceous shales book cliffs of utah kenilworth member of the blackhawk formation. The video shows some of the field evidence for sealevel change and how the sequence stratigraphy model has been applied to this shallowmarine and fluvial succession. The six sequences are named after prominent sandstone units and include, in ascending order, upper sego sequence, neslen sequence, corcoran sequence, buck.
When one thinks of how little had been published on formalized sedimentary stratigraphy and how little was known of the relationship of fossils to depositional setting and time, this was a miraculous creation of intuitive genius. Sequence stratigraphy of the book cliffs of eastern utah, the. Pdf lithostratigraphy of the maastrictian nsukka formation in the. The state lies in the anambra basin, the first region where intensive oil exploration was carried out in nigeria. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of. The lower slope exposes marine shales of the cretaceous mancos shale while interfingering. Highresolution correlation of upper cretaceous stratigraphy between the book cliffs and the western henry mountain syncline, utah. Extent and distribution of groundwater resources in parts of. At some point, this section will contain hundreds of stratigraphic columns from all over the colorado plateau. Desert member to lower castlegate sandstone stratigraphic interval along the southeastern.
Spieker and reeside 1925 named the emery sandstone for a series of prominent, beige and buff sandstones encased by gray siltstones of the blue gate shale at the foot of the wasatch plateau near the town of emery, utah fig. Prior to the tectonic event the anambra basin was sandstone that successively. Chapter 2 also describes the internal stratigraphy of the rollins sandstone member and interprets the history of change in sea level during the deposition of this member. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the eocene. Extent and distribution of groundwater resources in parts. Palynological and sequence stratigraphy characterization of the earlylate campanian nkporo shale, orekpekpeimiegba area, anambra basin, nigeria adebayo olajide f. The book cliffs are a series of desert mountains and cliffs in western colorado and eastern utah, in the western united states.
Named for its similar appearance to a stack of books lined up against a shelf, the book cliffs are one of the most wellknown locations for studying sequence stratigraphy. Summary introduction late cretaceous depositional setting stop 1. Beginning near helper, utah, and joined at green river, utah, by a second escarpment, the roan cliffs, the 2,000foot 610metre tall mountain wall, winds a 250mile 400km course along the tavaputs and roan plateaus, ending near grand junction, colorado. The shale and cretaceous sandstone cliffs, formed over time by the uncompahgre uplift, are a remnant of the mancos sea floor. Free web tutorials sequence stratigraphy, tutorials carbonate. It is believed that the anambra benin phase of campanianmiddle eocene is strongly contested. Fielding, christopher 1 1 earth and atmospheric sciences, university of nebraskalincoln, lincoln, ne.
From the same vantage, the 2nd frame looks up and sw into the heart of the uncompahgre plateau. They follow instructions to construct a measured section. This observation is similar to the work of umeji, 2006 for the turonian campanian boundary between the abakaliki and anambra basins, as exposed at leru, southeastern nigeria. The book cliffs are one of the worlds best places to study sequence stratigraphy. For about 200 miles this escarpment extends from where the colorado river descends south through debeque to price canyon near price, utah. Beginning near helper, utah, and joined at green river, utah, by a second escarpment, the roan cliffs, the 2,000foot 610metre tall mountain wall, winds a 250mile 400km course along the tavaputs and roan.
It underlies the whole of anambra state and parts of abia, enugu, imo, delta, edo and kogi states. Book cliffs field trips geology geosciences physical. Stratal architecture of these rocks is controlled by two regionally extensive surfaces of incision and subaerial exposure. This places the deposition of the sego sandstone in the book cliffs area sometime between, 77 ma and 75. The book cliffs have preserved excellent strata of the foreland basin of the ancient western interior seaway that stretched north from the gulf of mexico to the yukon in the cretaceous time. Book cliffs, geological feature of eastcentral utah and western colorado, u. Sequence stratigraphy of the book cliffs of eastern utah. Journal of environment and earth science issn 22243216 paper issn 22250948 online vol. The sedimentary successions of the book cliffs in eastcentral utah have been extensively studied with respect to sequence stratigraphy e. American association of petroleum geologists bulletin, v. Brian willis outcrop analog studies have long been used to define subsurface correlation strategies and improve predictions of reservoir heterogeneities that can complicate production behavior. Information was gathered from a number of sources see info for more information.
William strata smith 23 march 1769 28 august 1839 was an english geologist and surveyor who generated the first geological map of england. The book cliffs have preserved excellent strata of the foreland basin of the ancient western interior seaway that stretched north from the gulf of mexico to the yukon in the. A sequence stratigraphic model for the group was developed by nwajide and reijers 1996, on the basis of stratigraphic analysis of a composite section located at leru, near okigwe. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the nkporo group. The anambra basin represents about one tenth of the benue trough and is the least studied inland basin in nigeria.
Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the book cliffs, utah. The desert member of the blackhawk formation and the castlegate sandstone in the book cliffs of utah and colorado were analyzed to develop a model of sequence stratigraphy and facies architecture in foreland basins. Department of geology, ekiti state university, ado ekiti nigeria olaburaimo a. Anambra basin is one of the energyrich inland sedimentary basins in nigeria. The stratigraphy of the anambraabakaliki basins reyment, 1965 campanian nkporo group including nkporo shale, oweli sandstone, enugu shale, results and discussion vertical electrical sounding ves. Obaje nigerian geological survey agency, kwara state office, p. Subsurface evaluation of source rock and hydrocarbon. In the 1980s, exxon scientists used the cretaceous strata of the book cliffs to develop the science of sequence stratigraphy. The marginalshallow marine nkporo group is the basal lithostratigraphic unit of the late campanianmaastrichtian successions of the anambra basin, nigeria fig. The invasive body of water is called the western interior seaway, or the great cretaceous seaway. Stratigraphy in the book cliffs during late cretaceous time, a time of worldwide high sea level, the stable cratonic area of north america was inundated by marine waters. The book cliffs are one of the most recognizable landforms in western colorado and eastern utah. Enugu expressway in anambra state, southeastern nigeria.
The book cliffs form a sinuous southwardfacing escarpment. Additional photos west of 319 are combined into a single photo mosaic 320, part of which is used in. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper. Department of geology, anambra state university, uli, nigeria. The book cliffs coal field is part of the southern rim of the uinta basin, which is an immense structural trough in western colorado and eastern utah, around whose margin the. Basinwide stratigraphic correlation across the anambra basin using base of the. The desert and castlegate sandstones, 2001 pages iiii, 181.
These colorado cliffs look like books on a shelf outthere. Anambra basin is one of the energyrich inland sedimentary basins in nigeria 153 it is a nearly triangular shaped embayment covering about 3000 km 2 with a total sedimentary thickness of approximately 9 km 2. Subsurface evaluation of source rock and hydrocarbon potential of the anambra basin, south eastern nigeria iheanacho princewill ugochukwu dissertation. And with the exception of a few privately held parcels of land, almost 96% of the 2. The cretaceous books cliffs of utah are best known as the mecca of sequence stratigraphers, but besides excellent exposures that allow tracing of sandstone bodies and sequence boundaries the succession also contains abundant shales and mudstones. Discover book depositorys huge selection of stratigraphy books online. The site is of international importance and has been recommended for geological natural heritage area designation under the geological survey of irelands igh9 upper carboniferous and permian and the igh3 carboniferous pliocene. Sequence stratigraphy, a branch of sedimentary stratigraphy, is a methodology that uses the order sedimentary strata accumulated within a framework of major depositional and erosional surfaces to interpret the depositional setting of. Stratigraphy is the science of the layered character of rocks, be these sedimentary, volcanic, metamorphic, or igneous rocks. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the eocene nanka.
Suu geology field trip to book cliffs near price, utah. The first major work in the bida basin with focus on stratigraphy and sedimentology is that of adeleye, 1973, adeleye, 1974. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the nkporo. The buck tongue of the mancos shale underlies the sego sandstone member, and the anchor mine tongue divides the lower and upper parts of the sego sandstone member upsection.
The rollins sandstone member contains a thick marineshoreface sandstone that is a cliffforming unit of the book cliffs east of grand junction, colorado. New species of dinoflagellate cysts from the paleocene of the anambra basin, southeast nigeria. County clare, ireland spectacular scenery these vertical sea cliffs in upper carboniferous shales and flagstones are of iconic status as a tourist attraction. All but one of the main rivers in anambra state empty into the river niger, which forms the western boundary of the state and constitutes the local baselevel for the rivers. Campanianmaastrichtian, anambra basin, nigeria academia. This study aimed at determining the geology and depositional environmental of these formations through field relationship and grain size distribution morphologic studies. Controversy surrounding the stratigraphy of the anambra basin, depositional environments and conditions, and age of geologic formations present in the study basins were considered.
Jan 31, 2017 discover book depositorys huge selection of stratigraphy books online. Book cliffs geological feature, utah, united states. It was approximately 4800 km long and up to 1600 km wide. Dunhams carbonate rock classification 24 kb pdf document. The anambra basin is situated west of the lower benue trough and is often considered youngest formation of the benue trough. Haughton a practical based on outcrop and subsurface information from one of the classic sequence stratigraphic datasets, the book cliffs in utah, usa, a 100 km traverse from the coastal plain to offshore shelf. Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the coniacian. Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the coniacian awgu. Sequence stratigraphic interpretation of parts of anambra. Facies and sequencestratigraphic analysis identifies six highresolution sequences within upper campanian strata across about 120 miles of the book cliffs in western colorado and eastern utah. However, some of the most spectacular barite crystals are those collected from concretions in the mancos shale in the book cliffs near grand junction, colorado. This video is a virtual field trip to one of the classic locations in the world book cliffs, utah, usa where the sequence stratigraphy method was developed and tested. Although rare, concretions in the pierre near the kansascolorado state line along the smoky hill river give up some nice barite and calcite crystals.
A flute cast, one of many sedimentary structures found in the book cliffs. The book cliffs coal field is part of the southern rim of the uinta basin, which is an immense structural trough in western colorado and eastern utah, around whose margin the outcrop of coalbearing. Nwajide and reijers 1996, umeji, 2003 and chiaghanam, 2008 have studied the nanka formation with respect to their lithostratgrphy, age relations, sequence stratigraphy, depositional environment, reservoir. Introduction late cretaceous depositional setting stop 1. Representative ves curves from three locations are presented fig. Subsurface evaluation of source rock and hydrocarbon potential of the anambra basin, south eastern nigeria.
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